Holy Bethlehem Church

Holy Bethlehem Church (Bedkhem Church): A Jewel of Julfa's Armenian Legacy

• Origins and Patronage
• Architectural Splendor
• Artistic Treasures
• Cultural Significance
• Location and Access

Tucked within the historic Julfa quarter of Isfahan, the Holy Bethlehem Church—also known as Bedkhem Church—stands as a testament to the enduring spirit of Iran's Armenian community. Built in 1628 during the Safavid era, this church is not only one of the most magnificent religious structures in Isfahan but also a vibrant symbol of cultural coexistence and artistic brilliance.

Origins and Patronage

Commissioned by Khajeh Petros Velijanian, a prominent Armenian merchant, the church was constructed to ease overcrowding at the nearby Holy Mary Church and to fulfill a personal vow. Legend holds that Petros, who died in India, requested his heart to be returned to Julfa—prompting the creation of this sacred space. His portrait and memorial inscriptions still grace the church walls, honoring his legacy.

Architectural Splendor

• Rectangular layout with domed halls aligned east–west
• Double-walled dome: tallest among Julfa's churches, rising 25 meters with eight skylights
• Two-story design: upper floor reserved for women, reflecting Armenian liturgical tradition
• Bell tower: added in 1897, crowning the western façade
• Materials: adobe and brick, with plastered interiors richly adorned

Artistic Treasures

Inside, the church dazzles with 72 murals painted by Armenian artists:

• Biblical scenes: from the birth of Christ to the Last Supper
• Vaspurakan-style miniatures: delicate brushwork and vivid storytelling
• Glazed tiles: indigo and cobalt blues line the lower walls
• Gilded dome: adorned with portraits of the 12 apostles, Saint Peter walking on water, and a radiant depiction of Paradise

Cultural Significance

• Registered as a National Heritage Site in 2002 (No. 7643)
• Featured in the Daily Telegraph's list of 23 most beautiful churches worldwide
• A symbol of religious tolerance during the Safavid dynasty
• Continues to host Armenian liturgical ceremonies, especially during major feasts

Location and Access

Situated in Julfa Square, near Saint Mary Church and Vank Cathedral, the church is easily accessible via Nazar Sharqi Street. Its dome is visible from afar, guiding visitors to its tranquil courtyard and historic tombstones.

To step inside Holy Bethlehem Church is to enter a sanctuary where Persian elegance meets Armenian devotion. It's a place where art, faith, and history whisper through every arch and brushstroke.